Extraneous variables
Any aspect of the environment that must be held constant to prevent unplanned environmental variations during experimentation, usually something the experimenter is aware of and for which they do their… Read more
D. Experimental Design
Functional relation
When changes in the dependent variable are predictably related to the independent variable, demonstrating a clear cause-and-effect relationship between the dependent and independent variable.
Group designs
An experimental design that randomly assigns subjects to experimental and control groups. They pretest, apply the independent variable to the experimental group, and posttest the results-comparing the data from both
Independent variable
In an experimental design, this is the particular aspect of the environment manipulated to assess its effects on the target behavior.
Independent variable (IV) confounds
Uncontrolled environmental variables that may interfere with the outcomes and/or the effectiveness of an intervention and therefore the internal validity of the experiment.
Internal validity
The extent to which an experiment strongly shows that changes in the dependent variable are a direct result of the independent variable and not the result of some other uncontrolled
6th Edition TCO
Intersubject direct replication
An experimental replication of a previous study in which the researcher exactly duplicates a previous study but uses different subjects from the original study.
Intersubject direct replication Read More
6th Edition TCO
Intrasubject direct replication
An experimental replication of a previous study in which the researcher exactly duplicates a previous study using the same subjects as the original study.
Intrasubject direct replication Read More
6th Edition TCO
Irreversibility
A behavior for which the effects of treatment cannot be undone. Therefore, it cannot return to a baseline level of responding when an independent variable is removed.
Let’s Break Down a BCBA® Mock Exam Question: Key Elements of Baseline Logic for Multiple Baseline Design
PTB founder Dana Meller breaks down a BCBA® mock exam question about baseline logic for a multiple baseline design across behaviors. Dana explains the significance of replication in providing more convincing evidence of a functional relationship and how to make scientific justifications using baseline logic in various designs.
Maturation
Refers to the changes in a subject over the course of the study that result from natural growth and development.
Measurement confounds
Uncontrolled variables related to the environment, the measurement tools, or a data collector’s behavior that may interfere with the measurement of behavior and therefore impact the outcomes and/or the effectiveness