Matching Law versus Behavior Contrast. These are two terms that people often confuse, so let’s just simplify them.

Matching Law states that relative response rate will match or be equal to relative reinforcement rate. Simply stated, given a choice of behavior to engage in, a person is more likely to choose the behavior that has the highest rate of reinforcement for them at that particular time. You can understand that timing can change at any given moment; what’s valuable or meaningful to us shifts. This is also going to have something to do with the response requirements and available reinforcement; harder work for something very meaningful versus less work for something less meaningful. Essentially, behavior goes towards reinforcement.

For example, having a drink or not having a drink. Both of them are reinforcing for different reasons. Drinking aids having a good time, relaxation, while the other one presumably does not. But it also doesn’t cause a headache. It also could increase your productivity or objectivity; there are fewer calories. At any given moment, what you’re going to find reinforcing shifts. On a Friday night, you choose the behavior that works for you at that particular moment. Maybe pre-exam, you’re not drinking so much. Post-exam, maybe you get back to your partying ways.

Matching Law is associated with the concurrent schedule of reinforcement. With this compound schedule, a client is given a choice of behaviors, each having their own specific reinforcement or reinforcement schedule, and the behavior that’s chosen is usually the one with a more meaningful reinforcer or schedule.

Behavior Contrast is a side effect of treatment. So when a behavior occurs in multiple environments, which most often it does, but your treatment is only implemented in one setting– you’re only going to do the DRO, DRA, punishment, extinction in one of the environments in which the behavior occurs. You can expect to see a change in that behavior in the opposite direction in the non-treatment settings. You’re going to see improvement in treatment, but the opposite of improvement in non-treatment. This is exclusive to multiple schedules of reinforcement. For example, if you have one behavior that’s being reinforced in school, and that same behavior doesn’t contact reinforcement at home or anywhere else, kind of like extinction, what’s bound to happen is the behavior at home is probably going to decrease even beyond what the baseline level was. Even though nothing changed in the home setting. But the intervention in another setting contributed to progress in that setting. However, it caused a decline in another setting. That is something to think about when planning your treatment packages for only one setting.

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Variable ratio schedule (VR)

A basic schedule of intermittent reinforcement in which a variable number of correct responses must be emitted for reinforcement to be delivered.

Variable interval schedule (VI)

A basic schedule of intermittent reinforcement in which a variable amount of time must elapse before a single correct response produces reinforcement.

Tandem schedules of reinforcement

A compound schedule of reinforcement in which two or more un-signaled (No SD) basic schedules of reinforcement are in effect and must be met successively for the response to contact…

Ratio strain

When challenging behaviors reemerge because of an abruptly thinned reinforcement schedule.

Progressive schedule of reinforcement

A variation of basic intermittent schedules of reinforcement in which the criteria for reinforcement is systematically increased, independent of the client’s behavior, until responding stops (the breaking point).

Multiple schedules of reinforcement

A compound schedule of reinforcement in which two or more basic schedules of reinforcement are in effect and alternated in a random sequence for one or more behaviors. An SD…

Limited hold

A component that can be added to a schedule of reinforcement limiting access to reinforcement for correct responses that occur within a specific and fixed time.

Mixed schedules of reinforcement

A compound schedule of reinforcement in which two or more un-signaled (No SDs) basic schedules of reinforcement are in effect in an alternating, random sequence for one or more behaviors.

Matching law

A behavioral concept that maintains that behavior is produced in direct proportion to the reinforcement that is available for that behavior. Hint: We make behavior choices at every moment, and…

Lag schedule of reinforcement

A variation of basic intermittent schedules of reinforcement in which reinforcement is delivered for any response that differs in topography, sequence, etc., from a previously reinforced response.

Fixed ratio schedule (FR)

A basic schedule of intermittent reinforcement in which a fixed number of correct responses must be emitted for reinforcement to be delivered.

Fixed interval schedule (FI)

A basic schedule of intermittent reinforcement in which a fixed amount of time must elapse before a single correct response produces reinforcement.

Delays to reinforcement schedule

A variation of basic intermittent schedules of reinforcement in which reinforcement for correct responding is delayed for the purpose of teaching self-control, tolerance of delayed gratification, functional communication, etc.

Differential reinforcement of high rates of responding (DRH)

A differential reinforcement procedure that is a variation of basic intermittent schedules of reinforcement. Reinforcement is delivered when an individual engages in a behavior at/or above a pre-established rate during…

Consequence

A stimulus change that comes after a behavior.

Concurrent schedules of reinforcement

A compound schedule of reinforcement in which clients choose between two or more behaviors associated with different signaled (SD) schedules of reinforcement that are correlated with each behavior option.

Conjunctive schedules of reinforcement

A compound schedule of reinforcement in which reinforcement is delivered when the completion of the response requirements for both a ratio and interval schedule have been met.

Chained schedules of reinforcement

A compound schedule of reinforcement in which a sequence of two or more signaled (SD) basic schedules of reinforcement must be met successively for the response to contact reinforcement.

Alternative schedules of reinforcement

A compound schedule of reinforcement in which reinforcement is delivered when the requirement of either a ratio or interval schedule is met, regardless of which of the component schedule requirements…

Adjunctive behaviors

Time-filling behaviors that occur as a result of reinforcement schedules, at times when reinforcement isn’t available. These behaviors are not related to the specific reinforcement yet tend to occur in…

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Transient effects

A temporary effect; when a reinforcer or punisher is removed, it should be expected that a change in responding can occur (for the worse) above or below baseline levels but…

Spontaneous recovery

The temporary reappearance of a behavior that was previously extinguished for a period of time.

Resurgence

The reemergence of an extinguished behavior, when the reinforcement for an alternative replacement behavior is discontinued (extinction) or when reinforcement is thinned too quickly.

Recovery from punishment

When the rate of a target behavior temporarily increases back to, or above, baseline levels, after a punishment procedure is discontinued.

Extinction burst

An immediate increase in the rate of responding when an extinction procedure is first implemented.

Behavioral contrast

A side effect of treatment that occurs in a multiple schedule of reinforcement or punishment when a change in the schedule of one part of the reinforcement or punishment contingency…

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A type of conditioned motivating operation that is established when a previously neutral stimulus acquires its evocative and value-altering effect by having been paired with an unconditioned motivating operation.

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When a behavior is learned and directly controlled by the consequences that follow it.

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MiniBig

 

PTB MiniBig: Fast, Flexible, and Focused Exam Prep

The PTB MiniBig enables BCBA® exam prep candidates to tailor their study needs by popping in on single sessions of the intensive PTB Big Exam Prep Workshop. Each 3.5-hour session, focused on specific sections of the Task List, includes a mock exam followed by real-time, live, interactive feedback and access to live session replays, without committing to the full workshop.

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Test your ABA Terminology ➠ Identify the Stimulus Class

Test your knowledge of concepts and principles as PTB co-founder Dana Meller reviews a question about identifying a specific type of stimulus class, and the features associated with the three main stimulus class variations. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section B-2: Define and provide examples of stimulus and stimulus class.

Breaking Down a BCBA® Mock Exam Question: Understanding Respondent Conditioning

Test your concepts and principles skills with PTB co-founder Dana Meller as she reviews a BCBA® mock exam question about respondent conditioning, breaking down the process. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section B-3: Define and provide examples of respondent and operant conditioning.

Test Your ABA Terminology ➠ What Are The 3 Types of Extinction?

Test your knowledge of Concepts & Principles and Behavior-Change Procedures with PTB co-founder Dana Meller as she reviews the different types of operant extinction procedures. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Sections B-9: Define and provide examples of operant extinction, G-15: Use extinction.

PTB's Special ABA Sauce: Mastering the ABCs of Behavior

Test your understanding of the ABCs of Behavior with PTB co-founder Dana Meller as she analyzes a tasty scenario to identify the MO, SD, prompt, behavior, and consequence using PTB's special ABC breakdown method. Discover how ordering extra sauce serves as a perfect example to unravel the intricate relationship between MOs, deprivation, SDs, and reinforcement. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Sections B-1: Define and provide examples of behavior, response, and response class, B-10: Define and provide examples of stimulus control, B-12: Define and provide examples of motivating operations and G-4: Use stimulus and response prompts and fading (e.g., errorless, most-to-least, least-to-most, prompt delay, stimulus fading).

5 Ways to Make the Big Exam Feel Less Scary

#1: Arm Yourself (With Knowledge) As they say, knowledge is power, and the best defense on exam day is knowing your stuff. It’s ok to reschedule if you’re not ready.…

Breaking Down a BCBA® Mock Exam Question: Contingency Contracting Components

Let's break down a BCBA® mock exam question about contingency contracts and their importance in behavior management. PTB co-founder Dana Meller explains the three essential elements of a contingency contract and how they can be effectively implemented to achieve behavior change. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section G-19: Use contingency contracting.

Breaking Down a BCBA® Mock Exam Question: Winning Measurement System to Record Client Tolerance to Losing

Let's review and break down a BCBA® mock exam question about measurement techniques in ABA, specifically percentage of opportunity. PTB co-founder Dana Meller explains how to calculate the percentage of opportunities where the behavior is exhibited and why this method is superior to rate, count, and interval recording in certain situations. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section C-3: Measure occurrence (e.g., count, frequency, rate, percentage).

Dana Do's: How to Get Unstuck When Studying for the BCBA®

PTB co-founder Dana Meller explains how to use Multiple Exemplar training to improve your exam application skills. BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section: G-21 Use procedures to promote stimulus and response generalization.

Test your ABA Terminology ➠ Functional Assessment Procedures

Focusing on ABC data collection, PTB co-founder Dana Meller discusses functional assessment procedures. Dana explains how to generate mathematical probabilities for target behaviors based on specific antecedents and consequences, providing a step-by-step guide to quantitatively analyzing the gathered information. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Sections F-7: Conduct a descriptive assessment of problem behavior and F-9: Interpret functional assessment data.

Test your ABA Terminology ➠ Cumulative Record Calculations

PTB co-founder Dana Meller reviews a question about using cumulative records and their significance in behavior analysis. Learn how to utilize cumulative graphs to track behavior over specific time periods and measure and calculate response rates for insightful data analysis. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section C-11: Interpret graphed data.

Dana Do's: That Feeling of Freaking Out Over the BCBA® Exam

Everyone feels like they won't pass the BCBA® exam, not just you. PTB co-founder Dana Meller talks about the experiences her students share as they prep for the exam. And surprise surprise, you are not alone in feeling scared, dealing with the pressures of everyday life, and trying to negotiate so many variables. If that's you and you're struggling, the good news is that it's temporary. And the payoff, that is fantastic.

Breaking Down a Mock BCBA® Exam Question: Reversal Design Variations With Only One Reversal

Test your Experimental Design skills with PTB co-founder Dana Meller as she reviews and breaks down a mock exam question about reversal design variations that display only one reversal. Included is a description of A-B-A, B-A-B, and A-B-A-B reversal designs. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section D-5: Use single-subject experimental designs (e.g., reversal, multiple baseline, multielement, changing criterion).

Test your ABA Terminology ➠ Identify the Type of Conditioned Reinforcer in This Scenario

PTB co-founder Dana Meller reviews a specific type of conditioned reinforcer. Included is a description of generalized conditioned reinforcers and corresponding examples. Additionally, Dana shares a good rule of thumb for your exam about which stimuli are always identified as generalized conditioned reinforcers. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section G-3: Establish and use conditioned reinforcers.

Test your ABA Terminology ➠ Identify the Measurement System in This Scenario

Test your measurement, data display, and interpretation knowledge with PTB co-founder Dana Meller as she discusses one specific measurement system that measures the effect of the behavior after its occurrence. Here, Dana details the two ways someone could implement this type of measurement system, provides examples of scenarios and a variety of corresponding measurement methods, and highlights some of the pros of utilizing this type of measurement system. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section C-2: Distinguish among direct, indirect, and product measures of behavior.

Breaking Down a Mock BCBA® Exam Question: Using Behavior Reduction Procedures

PTB co-founder Dana Meller reviews a BCBA® mock exam question about the utilization of behavior reduction procedures to decrease challenging behavior. Included is a description of extinction, positive punishment, as well as non-contingent reinforcement. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Sections G-14 Use reinforcement procedures to weaken behavior (e.g., DRA, FCT, DRO, DRL, NCR); G-15: Use extinction and G-16: Use positive and negative punishment (e.g., time-out, response cost, overcorrection).

Test your Knowledge of ABA Educational Methodologies ➠ Exploring PSI & Key Concepts

Test your instructional methodologies knowledge. PTB co-founder Dana Meller discusses PSI (Personalized System of Instruction), highlighting essential keywords and key figures associated with PSI to enhance your understanding of this personalized approach to effective learning. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section G-9: Use discrete-trial, free-operant, and naturalistic teaching arrangements.

Dana Do's: Programming Common Stimuli

PTB co-founder Dana Meller talks about programming common stimuli and how this method can help students feel more prepared on exam day. Refer to Task List section G-21: Use procedures to promote stimulus and response generalization.

Dana Do's: How to Know When You're Ready to Sit for the BCBA® Exam

PTB co-founder Dana Meller talks about measuring exam readiness. How do you know if you’re ready to sit?

Breaking Down a Mock BCBA® Exam Question: Using Physical Guidance to Prompt a Response

PTB co-founder Dana Meller breaks down BCBA® mock exam question about prompting, a response utilizing physical guidance. Included is a description of graduated guidance, least-to-most, and most-to-least prompting methods, as well as stimulus shape transformations. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section G-4: Use stimulus and response prompts and fading (e.g., errorless, most-to-least, least-to-most, prompt delay, stimulus fading).

Dana Do's: Understanding the ABC's of Behavior Used to Break Down Test Questions

PTB co-founder Dana Meller shares how our ABA superpowers can be used to break down exam questions to organize BCBA® exam prep.

Dana Do's: The Secret to Test Questions

PTB co-founder Dana Meller shares a surprisingly easy trick to interpret the call-to-action of a mock or actual test question on the BCBA® or BCaBA® exam.

Breaking Down a Mock BCBA® Exam Question: Identify a 3-Phase Reversal Experimental Design

Test your Experimental Design skills with a breakdown of a BCBA® mock exam question about the identification of a three-phase experimental design. Included is a detailed comparison between four different reversal designs: ABC reversal, ABA reversal, BAB reversal, and ABAB reversal. As a bonus, Dana also provides examples of instances in which each of the reversal designs would be implemented. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section D-5: Use single-subject experimental designs (e.g., reversal, multiple baseline, multielement, changing criterion).

Dana Do's: The Problem With Making Assumptions on the BCBA® Exam

PTB co-founder Dana Meller shares practical insight on the importance of approaching exam questions at face value.

Dana Do's: Use Mistakes to Assess How You Test

PTB co-founder Dana Meller shares insights on how to use your mock BCBA® exam mistakes to assess and improve your test-taking behavior.

Test your ABA Terminology ➠ Pivotal Behavior vs. Behavior Cusp

Test your behavior assessment knowledge with PTB co-founder Dana Meller as she compares and contrasts pivotal behavior vs. behavior cusp, providing several corresponding examples of each, as they relate to identifying the target behaviors that need prioritization for treatment. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section F-3: Identify and prioritize socially significant behavior-change goals.

Test your ABA Terminology ➠ Interpret Descriptive Assessment Data

Test your knowledge of interpreting descriptive assessment ABC data with PTB co-founder Dana Meller. Here she discusses conditional probability, including the rules that apply, and provides a step-by-step example using the calculation formula and how to report these data. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Sections F-7: Conduct a descriptive assessment of problem behavior; F-9: Interpret functional assessment data.

Breaking Down a Mock BCBA® Exam Question: Prompt Dependence

Test your Behavior-Change Procedures skills with PTB co-founder Dana Meller as she breaks down a BCBA® mock exam question about how prompt dependence is defined, and a scenario that identifies prompt dependence. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section G-4: Use stimulus and response prompts and fading (e.g., errorless, most-to-least, least-to-most, prompt delay, stimulus fading).

Test your ABA Terminology ➠ Identify the Difference Between Two Ways to Fade Response Prompts

PTB co-founder Dana Meller explains with examples, the distinction between two fade response prompts. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section G-4: Use stimulus and response prompts and fading (e.g., errorless, most-to-least, least-to-most, prompt delay, stimulus fading).

Test your ABA Terminology ➠ Identify This Experimental Design Scenario

Test your ABA terminology with PTB co-founder Dana Meller as she offers guidance to identify the specific experimental design relating to a scenario. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section D-5: Use single-subject experimental designs (e.g., reversal, multiple baseline, multielement, changing criterion).

Test your ABA Terminology ➠ Identify the Type of Discrete Trial Teaching (DTT)

PTB co-founder Dana Meller covers the background of DTT and breaks down the four types. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section G-9: Use discrete-trial, free-operant, and naturalistic teaching arrangements.

Test your ABA Terminology ➠ Derivative Measures Explained

Put your knowledge of occurence measurement to the test with PTB co-founder Dana Meller as she discusses the two types of derivative measures, and each of their defining features and applications. Dana focuses on the derivative measure used for comparing two or more procedures, teaching clients new skills, evaluating mastery over a class of concepts, and the various measurement methods. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section C-6: Measure trials to criterion.

Test your ABA Terminology ➠ Identify the Differential Reinforcement Procedure

Test your behavior-change procedures skills with PTB co-founder Dana Meller as she reviews a specific differential reinforcement procedure. Here, Dana compares and contrasts all of the differential reinforcement procedures: #DRL vs. #,DRD, #DRH, #DRO, as well as #DRA vs. #DRI. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section G-14: Use reinforcement procedures to weaken behavior (e.g., DRA, FCT, DRO, DRL, NCR).

Breaking Down a Mock BCBA® Exam Question: Behavioral Momentum

PTB co-founder Dana Meller breaks down a BCBA® mock exam question. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Sections G-2: Use interventions based on motivating operations and discriminative stimuli; G-13: Use the high-probability instructional sequence.

Test your ABA Terminology ➠ Indicators of Trustworthy Measurement

Test your knowledge with PTB co-founder Dana Meller as she explains the specific indicator of trustworthy measurement that corresponds with repeated measurement yielding the same result. Included is a description of all three indicators of trustworthy measurement validity, accuracy, and reliability. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section C-8: Evaluate the validity and reliability of measurement procedures.

Breaking Down a Mock BCBA® Exam Question: Understanding Equal-Interval Graphs & Logarithmic Scales

Test your knowledge of ABA graphs with PTB co-founder Dana Meller as she reviews a BCBA® mock exam question about equal-interval graphs, exploring their unique properties. Included, Dana explains the concept of proportional values and highlights the graph(s) which operate on a logarithmic scale, offering a different perspective on changes in behavior. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Sections C-10: Graph data to communicate relevant quantitative relations (e.g., equal-interval graphs, bar graphs, cumulative records); C-11: Interpret graphed data.

Test Your ABA Ethics Terminology ➠ Multiple Relationships

At all costs, avoid multiple relationships. Refer to BACB® | Ethics Code for Behavior Analysts | Section 1.11: Multiple Relationships

Test your ABA Terminology ➠ Confounding Threats to Internal Validity

Test your knowledge of measurement confounds with PTB co-founder Dana Meller as she discusses one of the four types of threats to internal validity, with corresponding examples. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section C-8: Evaluate the validity and reliability of measurement procedures.

Breaking Down a BCBA® Mock Exam Question: It's the IOA Battle Royal. Which Formula Gets Knocked Out?

Sharpen your measurement skills with PTB co-founder Dana Meller as she reviews a BCBA® mock exam question about IOA and helps explain the different formulas used for time sampling measurements. Dana covers four IOA formulas: Interval-by-Interval, Scored Interval, Trial-by-Tial, and Unscored Interval; and highlights key considerations and pitfalls associated with each. BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section C-8: Evaluate the validity and reliability of measurement procedures.

Test your ABA Terminology ➠ Fundamental Properties of Behavior Change

Test your ability to interpret graphed data with PTB co-founder Dana Meller. Here she explains the three fundamental properties of behavior change, focusing on one specific property akin to an average or median. Included are descriptions of level, trend, variability, and the y-axis. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section C-11: Interpret graphed data.

Breaking Down a BCBA® Mock Exam Question: The #1 Threat to Accuracy and Reliability

Test your measurement knowledge with PTB co-founder Dana Meller as she reviews a BCBA® mock exam question about the key indicators of trustworthy measurement, revealing the most significant threat facing accuracy and reliability. Dana provides insight into the distinctions between reliability, validity, and accuracy and how they relate to measurement. BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section C-8: Evaluate the validity and reliability of measurement procedures.

Test your ABA Terminology ➠ Programming for Generalization

Test your knowledge of behavior-change procedures as PTB co-founder Dana Meller discusses generative learning and programming for generalization. Dana explains one of the nine procedures for achieving generalization that emphasizes the need to generalize the response across similar stimuli, while recognizing that different stimuli may require different responses. NOTE: Here, Dana mentions there are seven methods for programming for generalization, which is consistent with the literature for the 4th Edition Task List. But, for the 5th Edition Task List, there are additional methods. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Sections G-12: Use equivalence-based instruction and G-21 Use procedures to promote stimulus and response generalization.

Test your ABA Ethics ➠ Practicing Within Scope of Competence

Test your ABA Ethics Knowledge with PTB co-founder Dana Meller reviewing the ethics behind practicing within one’s scope of competence. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section E-1: Responsible conduct of behavior analysts BACB® Ethics Code for Behavior Analysts: Section 1.05: Practicing Within Scope of Competence

Breaking Down a BCBA® Mock Exam Question: Identify the Intervention's Reinforcement Schedule

Test your behavior-change procedures skills with PTB co-founder Dana Meller as she breaks down a BCBA® mock exam question about the differences between contingent and non-contingent schedules, focusing on an antecedent-based, response-independent schedule of reinforcement. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Sections G-2: Use interventions based on motivating operations and discriminative stimuli and G-14: Use reinforcement procedures to weaken behavior (e.g., DRA, FCT, DRO, DRL, NCR).

Dana Do's: Fun Fact About Using DRA

You know how the textbooks say that there are two parts to differential reinforcement, one being reinforcement for the desired behavior and the other extinction for the target behavior? Applying…

Dana Do's: Considerations for Exam Questions Related to the Use of Punishment

Punishment is known to have a quick impact on behavior, but there are ethical implications which makes it very controversial. PTB founder Dana Meller offers some considerations when encountering exam questions related to punishment.

Dana Do's: Exploring the Forms and Functions of Noncontingent Reinforcements (NCR)

Let’s talk contingency independent antecedent intervention… Or, in simpler terms, NCR. Get the scoop on this non-invasive procedure with a quick explainer from PTB founder Dana Meller.

Dana Do's: 8 Guidelines for Using Modeling

Get ready to model as PTB founder Dana Meller walks you through the eight specific guidelines for using modeling.

Dana Do's: Can Changing Criterion Design be Used to Evaluate Shaping Programs?

Can can a changing criterion design be used to evaluate shaping programs? Well, PTB founder Dana Meller says, it depends.

Dana Do's: What is the Difference Between Trial-Based and Free-Operant Teaching Arrangements?

Not too sure about discriminating between the different teaching arrangements? Not to worry. PTB founder Dana Meller is here to explain trial-based vs free operant procedures.

Dana Do's: What's the Difference Between Response vs. Stimulus Prompts?

If a response prompt and a stimulus prompt both prompt correct responses, what is the difference?

Dana Do's: What's the Difference Between DRL and DRD?

Depending on the source, you can get some conflicting information about DRL vs DRD. PTB co-founder Dana Meller clears up the confusion with a more current look at these two reinforcement procedures.

Dana Do's: Do Alternative Behaviors Need to be Functionally Equivalent?

Do alternative behaviors always have to be functionally equivalent to the target behavior that we're trying to reduce or eliminate? PTB co-founder Dana Meller breaks in down.

Dana Do's: Which Group Contingency Do I Use?

PTB co-founder Dana Meller distills the three different interventions, related by the group. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section G-18: Use group contingencies.

Dana Do's: How to Decipher the Many Forms of Validity

It's particularly meaningful to be able to tell validity, social validity, internal and external validity apart. PTB co-founder Dana Meller has some tips to do just that.

Dana Do's: What Chaining Method to Use When?

The books don't really say much about what chaining methods BCBA's should apply to what behaviors. PTB co-founder Dana Meller breaks it down. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section G-8: Use chaining.

Matching-to-Sample Procedures: Test Your Knowledge and Challenge Yourself

PTB co-founder Dana Meller reviews matching-to-sample procedures, focusing on one specific method where stimuli are not physically identical but have a symbolic relationship. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section G-12: Use equivalence-based instruction.

Dana Do's: Response Blocking vs. Extinction

Want an easy way to make the correct discrimination between response blocking and extinction? PTB co-founder Dana Meller borrows from the #starwars universe to help explain. BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section: G-16 Use positive and negative punishment (e.g., time-out, response cost, overcorrection).

Dana Do's: Need a Prompt to Understand Prompting?

PTB co-founder Dana Meller shares a trick for discriminating between response and stimulus prompts. BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section G-4: Use stimulus and response prompts and fading (e.g., errorless, most-to-least, least-to-most, prompt delay, stimulus fading)

Antecedent Intervention ➠ Increasing Compliance with the Art of Timing

PTB co-founder Dana Meller discusses the high-probability request sequence (high-p). Learn how the high-p serves as an effective antecedent intervention and compliance-building strategy. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Sections G-2: Use interventions based on motivating operations and discriminative stimuli; and G-13: Use the high-probability instructional sequence.

Break Down a Mock BCBA® Exam Question: Identify a Contingency Independent Intervention

PTB co-founder Dana Meller breaks down the differences between contingency-independent and contingency-dependent interventions. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section G-2: Use interventions based on motivating operations and discriminative stimuli.

Dana Do's: The Distinction Between Analysis Types and Experimental Designs

What’s the difference between parametric, component, and comparative analyses? And what do experimental designs have to do with it? PTB founder Dana Meller clears up the confusion with a deep dive into analysis variations.

Dana’s Do’s: The Best Methods for Last-Minute Exam Prep

PTB founder Dana Meller has advice and tips for the best last-minute study methods.

Dana Do's: Tips for Test Questions About Functional Analysis

Tripped up trying to make correct discriminations when it comes to functional analysis? PTB founder Dana Meller has some tips to help you answer those tricky exam questions.

Three Hallmarks of High Quality Test Prep

Preparing for the BCBA® exam is a marathon– and a dizzying one at that. There are an overwhelming number of options out there for study materials… So how do you…

Dana Do's: How to Ease Exam Nerves

PTB founder Dana Meller offers some helpful advice to quell exam day jitters.

Dana Do's: What to Do the Night Before the Big Exam

It’s the night before your exam. What should you be doing? Well, first off, nobody knows you better than you know yourself. But since you asked, because someone did ask,…

Dana Do's: The ABCs of Breaking Down BCBA® Exam Test Questions

If you need help breaking down test questions, there's a simple tool you can use to eliminate the risk of making assumptions on the BCBA® exam.

Dana Do's: How to Use Mock Exams Effectively in Your BCBA® Exam Prep

Taking mock exams is a fantastic activity for exam prep. However, there are ways that these test are being used that may do more harm than good. PTB co-founder Dana Meller highlights three things to watch out for to ensure you are not misusing mock exams in your BCBA® exam prep.

Dana Do's: And Just Like That, Context and Application for Task List Items

How does going to ABA conferences help you pass the BCBA® exam? PTB co-founder Dana Meller recalls her student journey and the "a-ha moment" when she realized, attending forced her to generalize what she was studying, in context. Suddenly, ABA terminology was no longer a foreign language she was trying to master.

Dana Do's: How to Determine Value vs. Behavior Altering Effect

A motivating operation is not a thing that you hold in your hand. It is the state or condition of being deprived of something or satiated with something. PTB co-founder Dana Meller dives into the in-the-moment effects to help explain the difference.

Dana Do's: The Pros and Cons of Answering BCBA® Exam Questions Before Reviewing Answer Options

PTB is always looking for easy-to-incorporate strategies that are going to increase the chances of a correct response. So, is it a good strategy to answer test questions before looking at the answers? PTB co-founder Dana Meller weighs in.

PTB Partner Spotlight: In Conversation with APBA’s CEO, Dr. Tyra Sellers

An industry veteran who watched the field of Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) grow into what it is today, Tyra Sellers, J.D., Ph.D., BCBA-D joined the Association of Professional Behavior Analysts (APBA) in January 2023 as CEO. Her first ABA certification came before the Behavior Analyst Certification Board (BACB) even existed. Some years later, as fate would have it, Sellers found herself at the  BACB, serving as the director of the ethics department. Now, she is bringing her knowledge and experience to the distinguished organization with a strategy that is focused on access, education and community.

A Behavior-Analytic Approach to New Year’s Resolutions

It's a new year. What do you hope to accomplish? No matter what resolutions you’re working towards, use behavior analysis on yourself to help you reach those goals. Consider these PTB tips for New Year’s resolutions, the ABA way.

Dana Do's: Discriminating Between Masking and Overshadowing

PTB co-founder Dana Meller offers detailed examples to help students better discriminate between two often confusing concepts: masking vs. overshadowing.

PTB Year in Prep: A Data-Filled Look at 2023’s Study Stats

As scientists, we know you love data. PTB crunched the numbers based on behaviors of the thousands of dedicated students who trusted us with their journey to certification. It’s been…

Dana Do's: Confused About Automatic and Socially Mediated Reinforcement?

It’s not wrong to associate sterotypic behaviors with automatic reinforcement— but there are other factors to consider. PTB co-founder Dana Meller offers a quick explainer to clear up the confusion. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section B-7: Define and provide examples of automatic and socially mediated contingencies.

Are You a Bad Test-Taker: Strategies for Overcoming Exam Anxiety

It’s common for students to experience anxiety when taking tests, which can negatively impact performance. Beyond the physical effects– like problems sleeping, procrastinating, and an increased heart rate– anxiety can also disrupt concentration and decision making, and make it more difficult to think clearly.

What Is a BCBA® Certification and Why Get One?

The Board Certified Behavior Analyst® exam (or, BCBA® exam) is a graduate-level certification in behavior analysis administered by the Behavior Analyst Certification Board® (BACB).

Beat the Odds: Factors that Impact Performance on the BCBA® Exam

Though the exam may be difficult, it’s not impossible to achieve a passing score. There are several ways students can improve their chances and beat the odds. The right preparation is essential.

How Hard is it to Pass the BCBA® Exam? 

The question every future BCBA® inevitably asks: how hard is it to pass the BCBA® exam? If you’ve heard the stories or seen the data, then you know the exam has a reputation for being difficult. Ask around and you’ll likely hear that it’s sort of like running a marathon. But barefoot, on broken glass, in a giant corn maze, guarded by storm troopers and you can’t remember where you left your lightsaber…oh, and your headphones just died. 

Dana's Do's: Struggling with ABA Jargon? Watch This.

The clinical jargon of ABA can be one of the most intimidating parts of BCBA® exam prep. However, as PTB co-founder Dana Meller explains, understanding the source material like textbooks and literature— no matter how dense they may be— is imperative for exam day success.

Dana Do's: How to Effectively Use Your Whiteboard on the BCBA® Exam

What’s the best thing to put on your whiteboard? PTB co-founder Dana Meller explains that a highly personalized approach is the best strategy. Get her tips to figure out how to use your whiteboard effectively on exam day.

Dana Do's: A Common Misconception About the Role of Memorization

Memorization is a crucial skill, but it may not be enough to get you a passing score. PTB co-founder Dana Meller shares her insight into how rote memorization can create a false sense of confidence while offering tips to improve knowledge generalization.

Stuffed Schedule? 6 Tips for Better Time Management

#1: Set Deadlines Believe it or not, setting deadlines can help you get more done. Parkinson’s Law is the idea that “work expands to fill the time available for its…

5 Science-Backed Tips to Make Your Study Space More Soothing

#1 – Declutter to De-stress Fortunately, this first tip costs nothing. Unfortunately, it may require a bit of elbow grease. Organizing your study or work station can help you better…

5 Foods to Boost Brainpower While Studying

#1 Green tea You’d be hard pressed to find an ABA student who isn’t reaching for caffeine in one form or another. Try sipping on green tea the next time…

Keep Calm and Study On: 6 Strategies for Managing Test Prep Stress 

It goes without saying that studying for the BCBA® exam is stressful. The experience can fray the nerves of even the most level-headed student. If you’re feeling the test prep…

5 Reasons You Need a Mock Exam Before the Big Day

When it comes to devising a study plan for the BCBA® exam, there’s no “one size fits all” strategy. Different learning styles require different techniques, and it’s important to study…

From PTB’s Test (Prep) Kitchens: A Brain-Boosting Berry Smoothie

It’s important to fuel your brain and body with nutritious food that will give you the energy to power through long days and even longer study sessions. But, between school,…

Let's Break Down a BCBA® Mock Exam Ethics Question: What's the Magic Number? The Ideal Supervisory Load

PTB co-founder Dana Meller reviews a BCBA® mock exam question about an ethical consideration for behavior analysts. Discover the significance of independent decision-making to ensure client well-being. Refer to BACB® Ethics Code For Behavior Analysts Section 4.03: Supervisory Volume (see 1.02, 1.05, 2.01)

Let's Break Down a BCBA® Mock Exam Question: Identifying Measurement Confounds in Experimental Design

PTB co-founder Dana Meller breaks down a BCBA® mock exam question that explores the difference between measurement confounds and subject confounds, how they relate to threats to internal validity in ABA research. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section D-2: Distinguish between internal and external validity.

Let's Break Down a BCBA® Mock Exam Question: Response-Independent & Dependent Reinforcement Schedules

Sharpen your behavior-change skills with PTB co-founder Dana Meller as she reviews a BCBA® mock exam question that examines an intervention aimed at reducing attention-seeking outbursts. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section G-14: Use reinforcement procedures to weaken behavior (e.g., DRA, FCT, DRO, DRL, NCR).

Let's Break Down a BCBA® Mock Exam Question: Choice-Making

PTB co-founder Dana Meller breaks down a BCBA® mock exam question that focuses on understanding preferences and reinforcement, and how analyzing choices can provide a window into what reinforces behavior. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section F-5: Conduct preference assessments.

Let's Break Down a BCBA® Mock Exam Question: Ethical Considerations in Experimental Design

Test your understanding of ethical considerations in experimental designs with PTB co-founder Dana Meller. Let's review a BCBA® mock exam question about reversal design and the nuances and concerns associated with this experimental setup. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section D-5: Use single-subject experimental designs (e.g., reversal, multiple baseline, multielement, changing criterion).

Let's Break Down a BCBA® Mock Exam Question: Satiated and Satisfied— Understanding Motivating Operations

Sharpen your ABA principles skills as PTB co-founder Dana Meller breaks down a BCBA® mock exam question about motivating operations (MOs) and their influence on behavior. Learn the process of identifying the correct answer while gaining a deeper understanding of MOs and their behavior-altering effects. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section B-12: Define and provide examples of motivating operations.

5 Test-Taking Tips to Help You Pass the BCBA® Exam 

Prep the Night Before Pack up everything you’ll need for exam day the night before so you won’t need to worry about it the day of. Are you wearing comfortable…

6 Science-Backed Study Tips for Your Next Study Session

Switch Up Your Environment Studying in a new environment has been shown to help improve memory and concentration levels. Try studying at a coffee shop, library, or a new spot…

Let's Break Down a BCBA® Mock Exam Question: Key Elements of Baseline Logic for Multiple Baseline Design (D-3)

PTB co-founder Dana Meller breaks down a BCBA® mock exam question about baseline logic for a multiple baseline design across behaviors. Dana explains the significance of replication in providing more convincing evidence of a functional relationship and how to make scientific justifications using baseline logic in various designs. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section D-3: Identify the defining features of single-subject experimental designs (e.g., individuals serve as their own controls, repeated measures, prediction, verification, replication).

Let's Break Down a BCBA® Mock Exam Question: Play Along & Identify the Demand Condition in this FA Scenario

Test your behavior assessment skills. Let's break down a BCBA® mock exam question about functional analysis (FA) including its role in testing for the escape function of behavior. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section F-8: Conduct a functional analysis of problem behavior.

Let's Break Down and BCBA® Mock Exam Question: Dimensions of ABA — Basic Principles to Epic Interventions

Let's break down a BCBA® mock exam question on the dimensions of ABA, their application in real-world scenarios, and what sets behavior analysts apart. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section A-5: Describe and define the dimensions of applied behavior analysis (Baer, Wolf, & Risley, 1968).

Let's Break Down a BCBA® Mock Exam Question: Let's Get Physical with Imitation Training & Formal Similarity

PTB co-founder Dana Meller reviews a BCBA® mock exam question that targets the essential aspects of imitation training, breaking down the four defining features of successful imitation and how these elements contribute to effective learning and skill acquisition. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section G-5: Use modeling and imitation training.

Let's Break Down a BCBA® Mock Exam Question: Broadening the Scope of Trials-to-Criterion Measurements

PTB co-founder Dana Meller breaks down a BCBA® mock exam question about measurement used to derive trials to criterion data. Dana explains how this measurement can be a powerful tool in understanding and improving behavior performance across different dimensions. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section C-6: Measure trials to criterion.

Add to Cart: PTB’s Study Essentials

When it comes to test-prep, you need the right tools for the job. PTB has compiled a must-have list of study supplies so you can stock up on your next…

Let's Break Down a BCBA® Mock Exam Question: Analyzing Untrained Reverse Relations in Stimulus Equivalence

PTB co-founder Dana Meller breaks down a BCBA® mock exam question about the concept of stimulus equivalence, focusing on the one that leads to an untrained relation with a reverse relation. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section G-12: Use equivalence-based instruction.

Let's Break Down a BCBA® Mock Exam Question: This Factor Won't Derail Extinction Procedure Success

PTB co-founder Dana Meller has an exciting challenge for all of you behavior-change enthusiasts as she reviews a BCBA® mock exam question centered on extinction procedures. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section G-15: Use extinction.

Let's Break Down a BCBA® Mock Exam Question: Stimulus Control & Game-Changing Learning Factors

PTB co-founder Dana Meller breaks down a BCBA® mock exam question that distills the factors that affect stimulus control in behavior analysis. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section B-10: Define and provide examples of stimulus control.

Let's Break Down a BCBA® Mock Exam Question: Level Up Your Chaining Game for Maximum Efficiency & Natural SR+

PTB co-founder Dana Meller reviews and breaks down in detail a BCBA® mock exam question about different chaining methods in behavior analysis. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section G-8: Use chaining.

Let's Break Down a BCBA® Mock Exam Question: Hypothesize the Function of Disruptive Behavior in Circle Time

PTB co-founder Dana Meller breaks down a BCBA® mock exam question, exploring various possibilities, automatic, unconditioned, negative, and positive reinforcement, to better understand the reasons behind the behavior in this scenario. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Sections B-4: Define and provide examples of positive and negative reinforcement contingencies.; and G-1: Use positive and negative reinforcement procedures to strengthen behavior.

Let's Break Down a BCBA® Mock Exam Question: Flex Your Ethics Muscles ➠ How Well Do You Know the Code?

PTB co-founder Dana Meller explores the main sections of the Code (4th edition BACB® Professional and Ethical Compliance Code for Behavior Analysts), explaining each section's significance and the ethical responsibilities. Refer to the 4th Edition BACB® Professional and Ethical Compliance Code for Behavior Analysts: All Sections

Let's Break Down a BCBA® Mock Exam Question: Analyzing the Fundamental IV & BehaviorChange Relationship

Hone your experimental design skills through review of a BCBA® mock exam question. PTB co-founder Dana Meller breaks down the crucial aspect of experiments—how they demonstrate changes in behavior attributed to the independent variable. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section D-2: Distinguish between internal and external validity.

Big Mock Exam

The original Big Mock Exam has been upgraded with video segments to offer a highly individualized, in-depth review, while simulating an authentic test experience. Designed with a commitment to academic quality, the mock exam integrates clinical and scientific language, and reflects the format and distribution of questions on the actual BCBA® exam. The score report now features 175 video reviews that correspond to each test question, providing comprehensive explanations, detailed breakdowns, visuals and rationales allowing students to shape the content to their particular needs.

Access begins immediately and expires 6 months from the time of purchase. To avoid a false sense of improvement, PTB has limited the exam two attempts within 6 months.

Dana Do's: Let's Clear Up the Confusion Between Punishment and Reinforcement

The concepts of punishment and reinforcement can sometimes confuse exam candidates. PTB co-founder Dana Meller clears things up, explaining nuances between the two and sharing her tips for making better discriminations on exam day.

Master your ABA Terminology ➠ Exploring Contiguity & the Importance of Timing

Let's take a quick dive into the concept of contiguity, in both respondent and operant conditioning. PTB co-founder Dana Meller explains its significance in understanding behavior change processes. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section B-3: Define and provide examples of respondent and operant conditioning.

Breaking Down the Intricate Connection Between Environment & Behavior

PTB co-founder Dana Meller discusses the term environment in connection with a term defined as a physical event that influences how individuals interact with the world around them Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section B-2: Define and provide examples of stimulus and stimulus class.

ABA Terminology Challenge ➠ Respondent-Operant Interactions

PTB co-founder Dana Meller discusses the simultaneous occurrence of respondent and operant conditioning, clarifying the differences between the two and how they influence behavior. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section B-3: Define and provide examples of respondent and operant conditioning.

Don't Get Caught in the Rain...Without Your Negative Reinforcement Umbrella

PTB co-founder Dana Meller discusses two concepts that fall under negative reinforcement, breaks down their differences, and explains how they operate in various situations. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Sections B-4: Define and provide examples of positive and negative reinforcement contingencies; and G-1: Use positive and negative reinforcement procedures to strengthen behavior.

Supercharge Your Problem-Solving Skills to Identify the CMO in the Scenario

Discover how environmental variable evokes problem-solving behaviors to gain access to the desired item. With real-life examples, PTB co-founder Dana Meller sheds light on the significance of this variable in manding programs and various situations. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section B-12: Define and provide examples of motivating operations.

ABA Terminology Challenge ➠ Negative Punishment vs. Extinction

PTB co-founder Dana Meller provides insight to better understand why these concepts can be confusing, despite both leading to a decrease in behavior. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Sections B-6: Define and provide examples of positive and negative punishment contingencies; and B-9: Define and provide examples of operant extinction.

Motivating Operations ➠ Exploring the Future Impact of Behavior

PTB co-founder Dana Meller discusses a powerful concept that explores the influence of consequences on behavior in the presence of an MO. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section B-12: Define and provide examples of motivating operations.

Test your Verbal Behavior Terminology ➠ Point-to-Point Correspondence vs. Formal Similarity

PTB co-founder Dana Meller clarifies the concepts, providing examples to help better understand these crucial distinctions and addresses common misconceptions between point-to-point correspondence and formal similarity. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section B-14: Define and provide examples of the verbal operants.

Coffee Quandary: Stimulus Control & Absence of Reinforcement in the Pursuit of Hydration

PTB co-founder Dana Meller discusses the concept of stimulus control, explaining the function of the Sᴰ. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section B-10: Define and provide examples of stimulus control.

Test your ABA Terminology ➠ Operant vs. Respondent Extinction

PTB co-founder Dana Meller explains the differences between operant and respondent extinction procedures and how these procedures reduce challenging behaviors and diminish reflex responses in behavior management and conditioning. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section B-3: Define and provide examples of respondent and operant conditioning.

An ABA Lens on Racial Inequality, Biases, and Stereotypes

PTB co-founder Dana Meller addresses the impact of biases and stereotypes based on common attributes like skin color, gender, race, religion, and nationality, emphasizing the need for positive change and fairness in our responses toward others. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section B-11: Define and provide examples of discrimination, generalization, and maintenance.

Test Your ABA Terminology ➠ Procedural Integrity & Components for Effective Treatment

Let's dig into the concept of procedural integrity. What is it? What are other various names (aka) it is referred to. Procedural integrity is essential for accurately interpreting experimental results and the effectiveness of treatments. PTB co-founder Dana Meller details the concept of treatment drift and provides valuable tips to ensure a high level of treatment integrity. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section H-6: Monitor client progress and treatment integrity.

Dana Do's: What's the Difference Between Pragmatism and Determinism?

PTB co-founder Dana Meller offers a relatable cause-and-effect scenario that helps discriminate between determinism and pragmatism. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section A-2: Explain the philosophical assumptions underlying the science of behavior analysis (e.g., selectionism, determinism, empiricism, parsimony, pragmatism).

Test your ABA Terminology ➠The Heroic Quest into Group Contingencies

PTB co-founder Dana Meller dives into the three types of group contingencies, with a primary focus on one group type. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section G-18: Use group contingencies.

Dana Do's: Yes, verbs are clues that can help you prep for the BCBA exam

PTB co-founder Dana Meller shares how the verbs used in the Task List can provide you with significant clues for effective studying. By examining task list verbs, you can actually determine the specific type of discrimination required in your studies. Learn how understanding these verbs can guide your preparation and better equip you for success on the big exam.

ABA Terminology Break Down ➠ Indicators of Trustworthy Measurement

What are the three indicators of trustworthy measurement in ABA? PTB co-founder Dana Meller explains and why they ensure data accuracy and reliability. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section C-8: Evaluate the validity and reliability of measurement procedures.

ABA Terminology ➠ Battle of Aversive Titans: Positive Punishment vs. Negative Reinforcement (G-1, G-16)

Given the common confusion between terms due to their association with aversive events, PTB co-founder Dana Meller clarifies the distinction between positive punishment and negative reinforcement. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Sections G-1: Use positive and negative reinforcement; and G-16: Use positive and negative punishment (e.g., time-out, response cost, overcorrection). procedures to strengthen behavior.

Test Your Descriptive Assessment Skills ➠ ABC Recording Methods

Get a comprehensive overview of ABC Recording Methods. PTB co-founder Dana Meller breaks down the two types, along with their differences, benefits, and practical applications. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Sections F-7: Conduct a descriptive assessment of problem behavior; and F-9: Interpret functional assessment data.

Self Evaluate Your Understanding of ABA Terminology ➠ Self Management

Explore the world of self-management with PTB co-founder Dana Meller as she discusses how controlled responses and self-controlling behaviors lead to improved behavior. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section G-20: Use self-management strategies.

Experimental Design Terminology ➠ The Baseline Logic Blueprint & the Sum of Its Parts

Join PTB co-founder Dana Meller as she discusses baseline logic in single-subject experimental designs. Dana breaks down the four essential elements of baseline logic and how these elements play a crucial role in demonstrating experimental control and confirming the effectiveness of interventions. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section D-3: Identify the defining features of single-subject experimental designs (e.g., individuals serve as their own controls, repeated measures, prediction, verification, replication).

ABA Terminology ➠ The Dynamic Duo of Behavior Transformation via Shaping Procedures

PTB co-founder Dana Meller discusses the two types of shaping procedures, one of which teaches novel behaviors and the other improves existing behaviors. Refer to BCBA® Task List (5th ed.) Section G-7: Use shaping.